Sampling in the North Aegean Sea yielded 24 species of the class Octocorallia, 9 of which are new records for the Eastern Mediterranean, while 5 more species are new for the Aegean Sea. For each of the 24 species, information is given on their distribution and their habitat. A check list of the 43 known Mediterranean octocoorals is also presented and the faunas of various parts of the Mediterranean are compared on the basis of the literature.